Integration, emancipation and the like
Yesterday Saturday 23 the Kleurrijk Platform organized a discussion around the integration question. First among us, and later with the expert in this issue from our parliamentarians, Naima Azough, we debate how much each side of the duo newcomer-resident should fit to each other, and how do we understand the relation inbetween integration and emancipation. And about that second issue is that I’ll write here.
Around a year ago the political leaders of Groenlinks, our delegation in the national congress, produced a nota on the spiny issue on integration. In the last years the presence and adaptation of foreigners of first and even second generation to the Netherlands has been an issue of increased tension and attention. So our party also wrote down her position. When at the Kleurrijk Platform we read the document, we could hardly believe the print. Funnily enough, the Kleurrijk Platform is the workgroup for migrants inside our party, so you could imagine that we were involved in the thinking of a position on integration. That was not so. And we did not -quite- agree with the print.
Our party, undoubtedly, is what you could call an emancipation party. There are plenty of emancipation movements that has been involved with Groenlinks since we exist, and before. And even better, few months before the integration document was written, a broad debate inside our party review our views on emancipation. Not surprisingly, the document on integration was called integration via emancipation. And we migrants inside groenlinks (or at least the organized migrants inside groenlinks) could not disagree more. The relation between integration and emancipation is not oone of cause and effect. As a foreigner, you could be well integrated in a society, and not be emancipated. Or you could be emancipated, and not integrated at all. It is possible to have a good job, a good house, speak the language of the country, pay taxes, participate in the society, then… and have a horrible partner that forces his decisions on you. Integrated and not emancipated. Or you could be perfectly emancipated, deciding your life style, enjoying a reasonably relation and so forth… and being isolated from the society without speaking the language, as many researchers in universities are, afte twenty years living in the Netherlands.
And this discussion is not only about the confusion between cause and effect. Biggest problem is that introducing the view that migrants need emancipation in order to be integrated… we are actually saying that migrants are subject to compassion, people that need rescue and help. Kind of funny. The right wing in Europe presents the migrants as dangerous. And we, part of the progressive wing, think of the migrants as pitiful.
I understand the temptation, of course. As lefties, we tend to focus in oppressed minorities, and we tend to try to do what we think is good for them. When the process goes fine, them minorities are an integral part of us political party, so we all actually go in the same direction. Now the automatic relation in between emancipation and integration, seems to me nothing else than that, an automatic left wing reaction. They are a minority, so they should have problems, and we will emancipate them! Even if it is surely better than the right wing reaction -they are foreigners, so they should be kept outside- it is my opinion that groenlinks still have much to mature in this issue, and produce new options and solutions, instead of left wing reactions.
5 Comments:
Inti's thoughts on the relationship between integration and emancipation I completely agree with. Even, I would put another step further away from the tittle of GroenLink's most recent stance on integration issues and government interference in society and the personal lives of migrants. As a matter of fact, there may even be a contradiction between the two processes.
Unlike integration, emancipation primarily is an individual development. Even when talking about the emancipation of groups, this means that the persons that constitute this particular group, individually will have to emancipate themselves first. Emancipation could be described as a process of self liberation and perhaps even self realisation, at all thinkable ways (fysically, emotionally, spriritually, sexually, ...). The straps form the several groups one may be bound by, will have to be loosend in this process, or even cut completely.
Integration, on the other hand, is more something of a social process, since it per definition requieres several people or groups of people that would have to be integrated one into the other. Since the groups that constitute our society are not equal, not in size (which could be measured objectively), but neither in value (this cannot be measured objectively, it's the bigger/ dominant group that decides. Not very surprisingly, the largest or dominating group will esteem it's better than the others aggregated). Integration requieres (thus) for the (emancipated) individuals of the smaller or inferior groups to adapt to the culture of the dominant group and by doing so, giving up part of their group identity and undoing part of their emancipation. In order to be accepted by the dominant group, one has to play by their rules, wether you like it or not. The price to pay if you don't do this sufficiently is (partial) exclusion, possibly resulting in discrimination, unemployment, second rank citizenship. Whether this price is worth paying, however, remains mostly a peronal decision of the (emancipated) individual.
10:29 PM
Hola Anonymous!
Thanks for the reasoned comment. This is the idea of the blog! to exchange thinking! Further, seems that both of us are uneasy with the relation emancipation-integration. Interestingly enough, we might have different arguments. Let's explore them:
Integration collective and emancipation individual? hum... I am not so sure. Certainly it goes about individuals that emancipate themselves. But it also goes about individuals that integrate themselves -or not- into the receiving society. INtegration also have a important individual component, I believe.
Is emancipation the loosening of the straps that tie you to your group? I don't think so. Think in the emancipation of homos. There is a group that acts coherently and that have quite clear common goals. I would say that an emancipated homo belongs to the homo group. It surely involves -first- to "come out of the closet". In this sense is an individual process. But the fully emancipation also involves the recognition that society eventually does of the group as fully equal, or at least with equal rights.
Here we struck another of my problems with integration as emancipation. This view implies that newcomers are opressed, and then they should emancipate. But hello! not all newcomers are opressed! And the opression that some newcomers have is not related with the fact that they are newcomers. If a muslima is forced to suffer genital mutilation, that crime is not due to the fact that she arrived in the netherlands! This issue, which is an emancipation issue (or might be one for many people, not for me... for me is simply a law enforcement issue) has nothing to do with integration.
Anonymous, you say then that to integrate you should gave up part of your group affiliation, in order to be fully functional in another culture. So the idea here is that you loose a bit in order to gain more, or so I get it. But I doubt it. I think that I do not have to gave up anything of my south-american values in order to participate in the dutch society. I like the word integration because to integrate, in mathematics, is to add. So I think that the process of become integrated in the dutch culture add things to my person, and add things to the receiving dutch society. It does not take away anything of what I am, or of what the dutch society is.
Of course, this is at a very abstract level. Anonymous you are surely right when pointing that if newcomers hold on to other fellow newcomers, and isolate themselves, then they are not integrated. And they should gave up this isolation, they should liberate or emancipate themselves of this exclusive group, in order to participate. So I do believe that in some cases integration starts by oppressed people. My problem is that groenlinks seems to have based her thinking of integration in those cases. And then, what groenlinks says is that "all migrants are oppressed". Too bad message. Even if we would agree that all migrants need emancipation, that would be the extremely wrong message to give. Let's go back to the example of the homos. Imagine that back in the fifties, some -straight- political party would have tell to the homo movements: "oh, poor you... you need to be emancipated! and we are going to help you telling you how!" Can you guess my answer, if I would be the emancipated-to-be? Bugger you!
Another issue in which I agree -up to point- with anonymous is that te bigger group decides, and there should be some level of fitting. Sure. If I come to the netherlands it would be stupid from me to expect that this country will become a copy of venezuela for me. I can fit some of my behavious and so forth. But for me the important but is that bigger must not mean better. So the bigger group should fit as well, at least up to a point. Does a russian kiss me, instead of shaking my hand? ok, so I can try to let myself be kissed. I hope also that the russian also shakes my hand. Too much has been made of these things. There we got Rita making a fuss out of the non-shaking-hand. How serious was for her to acknowledge another way of respectful salute? It was easy. She was just pandering the culturist drum. We should go back to be reasonable. All of us can and should fit to each other. Ultimately (and this is a believe rather than an argument) I have no more rights to live in venezuela than a dutch. We are all humans, and the accident of our place of birth should not make us enemies, or owners of a piece of land. With less histeria, and a bit of more double adapting, the world would be such a nicer place to live.
12:07 AM
sorry, the previous comment is from me, inti. And i forgot something. The best example of double sided integration is me and groenlinks. My partijgenoten bear me talking mostly in english. Even this blog is in english. And anonymous her/him self answered in english. That is also double sided integration. And I am soooo grateful! Cheers , I.
12:10 AM
Hoi, Hi & Hola Inti,
You really give me something to think about...
Although I agree with all your arguments in the foregoing discussion, for me the definition of emancipation has hardly anything to do with pitying someone. Emancipation, for me, is the personal development into being more able to understand and influence your surroundings (in stead of 'being lived' by whatever powers or people in your personal context).
Emancipation for the elder onces therefore means something else (other processes, learning and action) than emancipation for women, of children, or migrants.
In this vision emancipation always is a individual as well as a social (and societal) process.
Emancipation politics, for me, is about taking measures that include people and break away obstacles that prevent them from influencing their own lives and society. It is also about creating dialogue and understanding between very diverse and often opposite visions. Integration politics, for me, develops along the same red line.
Maybe my subjective concepts about emancipation are strongly influenced by my sociological (en womens studies) background and possibly they are more academic than grassroots. Grassroots would be better, would you agree? Could that be (ot only for me but also for GroenLinks als a whole) part of the explanation for the rather the Babylonical nature of the emancipation-integration discussion?
Can you, with my definitions / concepts in mind, handle the difficulties in the GroenLinks debate better? I'm very interested in your answer.
See you,
5:19 PM
Ady! Welcome...
Let's agree that emancipation is not quite the same as pity. Probably I was too rash writing so. Lets further agree that with your view of emancipation much can be done for (and with) minorities. With opressed minorities, that is.
My main problem with the equation integration-emancipation is the linkage integration=emancipation. Then another linkage can be done, namely "the people to integrate has problems, no?" Because emancipation is about solving problems,no? Then foreigners (the ones to be integrated) have problems.
And my view of integration is that we, foreigners, do not have nor less nor more problems than any other normal human being. Problematize the integration issue make it worse, and plays right away into the Ali's and Wilders of our world.
Now... of course this is ultimately a semantic discussion, if in GL. Because at least inside GL we all (well, most of us) agree that integration, whatever that is, is something to be done with the foreigner, and not to the foreigner. And emancipation as GL sees it, nicely illustrated by you, Ady, is certainly a positive idea.
My problem remains to be the way we relate to the rest of the world...
And by the way... nice blog you have! (adyhoitink.blogspot.com)
11:53 AM
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